Comparative Assessment of Depression, Quality of Sleep, and Respiratory Functions among Tuberculosis Patients with their Nontuberculosis Family Contacts
Afreen Begum H. Itagi, Amudharaj Dharmalingam, G. Y. Yunus, Senthil M. Velou, Senthil Kumar Subramanian, L. Sundareswaran
Keywords :
Caregivers, depression, pulmonary function tests, sleep, tuberculosis
Citation Information :
Itagi AB, Dharmalingam A, Yunus GY, Velou SM, Subramanian SK, Sundareswaran L. Comparative Assessment of Depression, Quality of Sleep, and Respiratory Functions among Tuberculosis Patients with their Nontuberculosis Family Contacts. Indian J Respir Care 2021; 10 (3):312-317.
Context: Tuberculosis (TB) patients may present depression as comorbidity. This presents great challenges including the stigma of increased risk of developing TB in tackling such patients. Aims: The main aim of the study was to assess the lung function, sleep quality, and extent of depression in TB patients as compared to non-TB family contacts. Methods: TB patients and their family contacts (60 each) stopping by specialized directly observed therapy short-course center at a tertiary care hospital were assessed for depression and quality of sleep. Pulmonary functions were analyzed by spirometry. Descriptive statistics and t-tests were applied using SPSS version 19.0. P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Depression with a significantly higher mean Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score was more prevalent among TB patients (73.3%) when compared to their family contacts (46.7%). TB patients presented with significantly higher levels of mean global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (9.56 ± 3.97) compared to their non-TB family contacts (4.36 ± 2.07), indicating a poorer sleep quality and also the sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction were significantly more in TB patients (P = 0.000). The lung function measures were reduced in TB patients, and the difference was significant compared to their non-TB family contacts. Conclusions: The present study shows that TB patients have a poor quality of sleep, higher depression levels, and reduced lung functions compared to their non-TB family contacts. This calls for well-organized screening strategies to screen the in-apparent symptoms of adverse mental conditions among TB patients and their family caregivers/contacts with aid of mental health professionals to enable better management of this population.
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